First, optimize the structure of aquaculture species and promote the breeding of famous and special new aquaculture species. With the development of the aquaculture industry, consumer demand for aquatic products has emerged in two major characteristics: First, the demand for high-quality aquatic products has increased; second, it has shifted from seasonal demand to annual demand. Therefore, market-oriented optimization of aquaculture species structure and promotion of aquaculture and breeding of new and famous aquaculture species are important ways to adapt to changes in the market supply and demand relationship and increase the economic benefits of aquaculture. The first is to develop and use existing aquaculture species (such as carp, squid, and Wuchang fish). The second is the introduction of new varieties of aquaculture (such as tilapia, stingray, catfish, squid, freshwater whitefish, Macrobrachium rosenbergii, etc.). Thirdly, aquaculture species (such as wild pheasant, yellow peony, etc.) that have long farming cycles, high market prices, and are favored by the people can be developed according to local conditions and gradually form large-scale production.
Second, the development of scale farming. In areas where conditions permit, the development of fish farming in large-area contiguous ponds can fully demonstrate economies of scale. There are many benefits to the implementation of scale farming: First, it is conducive to supporting the production of water, electricity, roads and other production infrastructure to provide guarantees for intensive cultivation and high production. Second, it is conducive to technical guidance. Advanced production technology and management experience can be applied more quickly and better. The third is to facilitate the supply of feed, fish species and other materials, reduce intermediate links and reduce costs. The fourth is conducive to the sale of products.
Third, open up feed resources and reduce feed costs. The cost of feed accounts for about 70% of the total cost of aquaculture. Extensively developing feed resources and reducing production costs are effective ways to increase the economic benefits of aquaculture. The first is grass-fish farming. The market price of grass carp is much higher than that of carp. Grass carp has the advantages of fast growth, easy to solve feed, etc. It is a shortcut to make use of leisurely development of grass growing fish. The second is the combination of fishery and husbandry. According to the needs of fishery and fertilizer, the scale of raising pigs and poultry will be maintained, and the integrated breeding mode of fish and livestock combination and fish and poultry will be adopted to establish a benign ecological cycle. In this way, it can not only increase the output of aquatic products, but also reduce the cost of grain and greatly increase the overall economic benefits of aquaculture. The third is to popularize feeds for fish farming, shorten the aquaculture cycle, and achieve high-yield and high-efficiency production.
Fourth, a reasonable set of polyculture. The first is the raising of famous aquatic products such as squid, soft-shelled turtle and stingray. The second is to raise fish species. In ponds for the cultivation of food fish, raising fish species at the same time does not require additional feed and fertilizer, and does not affect the production of commercial fish. The fish species cultivated for the second year of stocking can both ensure the quality of fish species and save money. . This reduces the cost of buying fish species and relatively increases the economic benefits of pond culture. Third, fish, crabs and other cultured water cultured shrimp. The fourth is reasonable polyculture. That is, aquaculture species such as clams, turtles, river crabs, green prawns, bullfrogs, and American frogs are polycultured with fish. Both fish-based and aquaculture species such as cockroaches, crabs, and shrimps can be used to make use of the limited water resources and improve the economic benefits of the water surface.
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