American black grouper is a member of the genus Helminthoidea, grouper subfamily, and grouper, and is mainly distributed in seawater within 100m depth in Washington, USA, etc. The fish body is flat and thick with oval shape, large mouth and small scales. The dark blue color is nearly black with pale or white spots. At the end of the reef, it is eaten in the white day, like crabs, fish and shellfish. As a rare marine cultured fish, the American black grouper has the advantages of less disease, rapid growth, etc. It is an ideal choice for marine aquaculture to develop high value marine technology. Now we will introduce its nursery and cultivation techniques.
one. Seed cultivation of American black grouper eggs were isolated floating, colorless and transparent, spherical, there is a oil ball, is a small yellow egg. Optimum incubation water temperature; 20-23 °C, optimum salinity: 25-34, 48-60 hours incubation time, larvae open mouth after 2-3 days.
1. Larvae cultivation (1) Cultivation water: Seawater is precipitated and sand-filtered for cultivation water. Requires dissolved oxygen above 5mg/L, pH 7.8-8.6, salinity 25-34. Incubate with indoor cement pool, 10-20 cubic meters of water body, add Chlorella in the pool water, keep the density at 30,000-50,000 cells/ml.
(2) Breeding density: 10,000-20,000/m3.
(3) Feed: The larvae began to feed on the third day after hatching, and the open bait was rotifer (3-35 days). The rotifers should be fed with chlorella for more than 24 hours, and the emulsified fish oil should be fed for 6-12 hours after feeding. The density of rotifers in the water should be kept at 5-6/ml, and then Artemia larvae should be used (20-35 days). The density is 0.5-5/ml. Later on Artemia adults (35-50 days), fish, shellfish minced meat (above 45 days). According to the bait density in the tank, it can be increased or decreased appropriately.
(4) Management: The newly hatched larvae are generally cultivated in still water and micro-inflated. As the seedlings grow, they gradually increase the amount of aeration and change the amount of water. Changing the water once a day, the daily water exchange rate of 10% -60%. When changing the water, filter it with a cage made of 200-260 mesh sieve and add chlorella to the pool after changing the water. According to the bottom of the pool residue sucker. When nurturing, attention should be paid to the quality of the bait, palatability, and quantity, and timely removal of the oil film on the surface.
2. Juvenile rearing larvae after the completion of differentiation of fins, the system shed fish, grow patterns into the juvenile period. The bait is mainly fish, shrimp and shellfish, supplemented with a small amount of food. Stocking density: 1000-2000/m3, juvenile period, fry between the fry is serious, should be timely feed by size and size, and put some sinking tube-shaped shelter in the pool, easy to hide juveniles to avoid residue food.
two. Adult fish culture
1. The concrete pool culture tank has a volume of 20-50 cubic meters. In the case of inflatable equipment, the stocking density is 15 fish/cubic meters and the recycled water is used. The bait is mainly composed of fresh fish, supplemented with bait, and later with bait-based feed. When stocking, they should be sorted and kept in a timely manner.
2. The cage culture cage size is 3m3m3m and consists of 9 or 12 fishes. There should be a certain distance between the fish rows. The orientation of cages should be aligned parallel to the direction of the tide. This will not only ensure the smooth flow of water, but also ensure that natural food organisms outside the cage enter the cage, and it is also conducive to the discharge of residual bait from the cage out of the cage. Cage can be placed inside the cage to prevent mutual disability.
Stocking density: 4-6kg/m3.
Baits: mainly with bait, supplemented by fresh fish, feeding 1-2 times a day.
Management: (1) timely sorting to prevent self-mutilation; (2) pay attention to environmental changes during heavy rain or red tide; (3) constantly check the safety of cages, especially before and after typhoons and heavy rains; regularly remove the clothing attachments The object; with the growth of fish, timely replacement of clothing.
three. Disease prevention and control In the production process, we adhere to the principle of prevention as the mainstay, observe diligently, diligently inspect and strictly perform day-to-day management operations, and do the following:
1. Maintain a good water environment, change the water regularly, and regularly remove residual baits, excrement and other contaminants from the pool to ensure fresh water and adequate dissolved oxygen.
2. Ensure the quantity and quality of feeds and maintain a suitable stocking density.
3. Regular Quanchiposa disinfectant, probiotics, antibiotics to prevent disease, can also be formulated bait feeding.
4. I found that the disease was isolated in time and diagnosed as soon as possible.
5. Be careful to prevent fish injuries.
one. Seed cultivation of American black grouper eggs were isolated floating, colorless and transparent, spherical, there is a oil ball, is a small yellow egg. Optimum incubation water temperature; 20-23 °C, optimum salinity: 25-34, 48-60 hours incubation time, larvae open mouth after 2-3 days.
1. Larvae cultivation (1) Cultivation water: Seawater is precipitated and sand-filtered for cultivation water. Requires dissolved oxygen above 5mg/L, pH 7.8-8.6, salinity 25-34. Incubate with indoor cement pool, 10-20 cubic meters of water body, add Chlorella in the pool water, keep the density at 30,000-50,000 cells/ml.
(2) Breeding density: 10,000-20,000/m3.
(3) Feed: The larvae began to feed on the third day after hatching, and the open bait was rotifer (3-35 days). The rotifers should be fed with chlorella for more than 24 hours, and the emulsified fish oil should be fed for 6-12 hours after feeding. The density of rotifers in the water should be kept at 5-6/ml, and then Artemia larvae should be used (20-35 days). The density is 0.5-5/ml. Later on Artemia adults (35-50 days), fish, shellfish minced meat (above 45 days). According to the bait density in the tank, it can be increased or decreased appropriately.
(4) Management: The newly hatched larvae are generally cultivated in still water and micro-inflated. As the seedlings grow, they gradually increase the amount of aeration and change the amount of water. Changing the water once a day, the daily water exchange rate of 10% -60%. When changing the water, filter it with a cage made of 200-260 mesh sieve and add chlorella to the pool after changing the water. According to the bottom of the pool residue sucker. When nurturing, attention should be paid to the quality of the bait, palatability, and quantity, and timely removal of the oil film on the surface.
2. Juvenile rearing larvae after the completion of differentiation of fins, the system shed fish, grow patterns into the juvenile period. The bait is mainly fish, shrimp and shellfish, supplemented with a small amount of food. Stocking density: 1000-2000/m3, juvenile period, fry between the fry is serious, should be timely feed by size and size, and put some sinking tube-shaped shelter in the pool, easy to hide juveniles to avoid residue food.
two. Adult fish culture
1. The concrete pool culture tank has a volume of 20-50 cubic meters. In the case of inflatable equipment, the stocking density is 15 fish/cubic meters and the recycled water is used. The bait is mainly composed of fresh fish, supplemented with bait, and later with bait-based feed. When stocking, they should be sorted and kept in a timely manner.
2. The cage culture cage size is 3m3m3m and consists of 9 or 12 fishes. There should be a certain distance between the fish rows. The orientation of cages should be aligned parallel to the direction of the tide. This will not only ensure the smooth flow of water, but also ensure that natural food organisms outside the cage enter the cage, and it is also conducive to the discharge of residual bait from the cage out of the cage. Cage can be placed inside the cage to prevent mutual disability.
Stocking density: 4-6kg/m3.
Baits: mainly with bait, supplemented by fresh fish, feeding 1-2 times a day.
Management: (1) timely sorting to prevent self-mutilation; (2) pay attention to environmental changes during heavy rain or red tide; (3) constantly check the safety of cages, especially before and after typhoons and heavy rains; regularly remove the clothing attachments The object; with the growth of fish, timely replacement of clothing.
three. Disease prevention and control In the production process, we adhere to the principle of prevention as the mainstay, observe diligently, diligently inspect and strictly perform day-to-day management operations, and do the following:
1. Maintain a good water environment, change the water regularly, and regularly remove residual baits, excrement and other contaminants from the pool to ensure fresh water and adequate dissolved oxygen.
2. Ensure the quantity and quality of feeds and maintain a suitable stocking density.
3. Regular Quanchiposa disinfectant, probiotics, antibiotics to prevent disease, can also be formulated bait feeding.
4. I found that the disease was isolated in time and diagnosed as soon as possible.
5. Be careful to prevent fish injuries.
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