Driven by a series of national agricultural policies, China's agricultural machinery manufacturing industry has experienced rapid growth in recent years. The rising demand for tractors has also boosted the popularity of rotary cultivators, one of the key attachments used alongside them. As a result, the market for rotary cultivators has shown strong development potential. According to recent reports, the total number of rotary cultivators in China exceeds 3.1 million units, with an annual production of around 400,000 units. This year, several brands have been included in the national agricultural machinery purchase subsidy list, further stimulating market growth. With changes in farming habits and shifts in crop planting structures, the sales of rotary cultivators are expected to continue rising. Their affordability and high cost-effectiveness make them increasingly popular among farmers. However, many farmers still lack sufficient knowledge about proper usage and maintenance, leading to common mistakes and inefficiencies. Therefore, it is essential to educate farmers on how to use and maintain these machines effectively to maximize their performance and lifespan.
First, proper operation of the rotary cultivator:
1. Before starting, check all components, especially the anti-rotation knife, fixing bolts, and universal joint locking pin. Address any issues immediately to avoid damage.
2. Ensure the clutch handle is disengaged before starting the tractor.
3. Engage power only when the cultivator is lifted and has reached the desired speed. Lower it slowly into the soil—never start with the cultivator in contact with the ground to prevent damage to the blades and other parts. Avoid sudden drops or reversing once the machine is in the soil.
4. When turning, do not lift the cultivator too high if the engine is running. Keep the universal joint angle under 30 degrees and reduce engine speed as needed. When moving between fields or traveling long distances, raise the cultivator to its highest position, cut off the power, and lock it in place.
5. Never approach rotating parts while the machine is in operation. No one should be behind the cultivator, as flying debris can cause serious injury.
6. Always turn off the power before inspecting or replacing any moving parts, such as blades.
7. Maintain a safe speed during operation: 2–3 km/h in dry fields, 5–7 km/h in plowed land, and slightly faster in paddy fields. Avoid excessive speed to prevent overloading the tractor and damaging the PTO shaft.
8. Ensure the tractor wheels are positioned on uncultivated land to avoid compacting the soil. Adjust the wheelbase so that the wheels stay within the working range of the cultivator. Be mindful of your walking technique to prevent soil compaction.
9. If the blade shaft becomes entangled with grass or debris, stop the machine and clean it promptly to reduce the load on the equipment.
10. Never allow people to ride on the tractor or the hanging parts during operation, as this can lead to accidental injuries from the rotating blades.
11. When operating the cultivator, ensure the auxiliary shift lever is in the "slow" position before turning. To reverse, place the sub-gear lever in neutral and engage the reverse gear. Avoid using the steering clutch excessively; instead, use the handrails to adjust direction. When cornering, reduce throttle first, hold the frame, then gently engage the steering clutch. Avoid sharp turns that could damage internal components.
Second, maintenance of rotary cultivators:
The principle of "prevention first, maintenance and repair combined" is fundamental to the proper care of agricultural machinery like rotary cultivators. Routine maintenance should be performed after each work session, including checking bolt tightness, inspecting wear items like pins and fasteners, and topping up oil in the transmission case and bearings. Quarterly maintenance involves thorough cleaning, lubricant replacement, blade inspection and replacement if necessary, checking for deformation in the housing and shields, and repainting or rust-proofing the equipment. If the cultivator is not in use for a long time, it should be stored on flat ground, not left hanging on the tractor. Proper storage ensures longevity and reliability.
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