In winter, when the weather is cold and the temperature is low, dogs can cause colds, serious secondary respiratory diseases and certain infectious diseases, and lower breeding efficiency. Therefore, it is very important to strengthen the feeding and management of winter meat dogs. 1 Feeding in winter is a good season for bitches to become pregnant, give birth, and sell commercial animals. Because of the cold weather and short illumination time, it brings many unfavorable factors to the growth of meat dogs, and it also increases the difficulty of feeding and management. Environmental characteristics To raise a good meat dog, we must grasp the following aspects. 1.1 Feeding high-energy feeds has low temperatures in winter, and calorie consumption is high. If energy feeds are fed according to normal standards, the energy needed for normal growth and development of dogs cannot be met. Therefore, the winter meat dog feed formula should meet the protein supplement at the same time, pay special attention to the energy supplement, increase energy feed 10% to 30%. Can use corn, rice and other energy-rich raw materials, if necessary, add animal and vegetable fats. Experiments have confirmed that adding 2% to 3% of animal and vegetable fats and oils in the diet can increase the weight gain of meat dogs by 12% to 15%, and save feed by 8% to 10% per kg of weight gain. In addition, the demand for vitamins in winter meat dogs is also higher than in other seasons, so the supply of vitamins must be sufficient. 1.2 Feeding cooked foods, drinking hot water Winter meat dogs eat cold feed and drink cold water that not only consumes calories in the body, but also causes gastrointestinal diseases, reduces the utilization of feed, and makes meat dogs grow and gain weight. Slow down. The dogs eat cooked foods for easy digestion and absorption, puppies food made of porridge paste semi-liquid feed, adult dogs food can be thick, and to provide sufficient warm water 36 ~ 40 °C. 1.3 increase the night feeding in the winter, short night long day around 1 o'clock to add a snack, meat dogs can increase the daily weight gain of more than 20%, shorten the feeding period of 25 to 30 days. 1.4 Ensuring Diet Hygiene Due to the poor climate and environmental conditions in winter, the body of the dogs, especially the gastrointestinal resistance, is relatively reduced. For this reason, the feed and drinking water should be inspected carefully, and the moldy and contaminated feeds should not be fed. The fed dog's feed must be cooked. The cooked feed is easy to digest. Second, it can play the role of disinfection and sterilization to prevent the occurrence of gastrointestinal diseases. Drinking water should use well water or tap water. Untreated and purified ponds, rivers, and other surface waters cannot be used for drinking. Feeding tanks and drinking fountains should be regularly sterilized to ensure food hygiene. 2 Management of cold winter weather, kennels generally dark and damp, meat dogs living in poor environment, slow growth, coupled with winter is a high season for canine virus disease, therefore, winter meat dog management can not be careless. 2.1 Maintaining the housing temperature The suitable temperature for the growth of dogs is 15 to 25°C. Even in cold seasons, the temperature in the house should not be lower than 5°C. If the temperature in the home is too low, it will increase the metabolism of the dog and consume more energy to maintain body temperature. This will increase the feed intake and raise the cost of raising the animals. In addition, puppies are not tolerant to cold and easily frozen at low temperatures. Cold insulation can take the following measures: Before the arrival of cold weather, it is necessary to timely repair bad, dangerous, leaking kennel, plug the wind tunnel, wipe the gaps, to prevent intrusion of thieves; the door is hung with straw curtains Grass and windows can be sealed with plastic sheeting. The pens for young dogs can also be modeled on the plastic canopy to keep warm, and all the gaps in the walls must be plugged up. Conditional heating can be applied, such as using infrared light, and building walls between the walls. Wait. Should generally be configured dog beds, the top pad thick padding and diligence, diligence, and dry; day warmer, let the dog more sun, the sun can not only warm, ultraviolet light in the sun also have disinfection and sterilization. And can promote the absorption of calcium, favorable to the growth and development of bones, to prevent the occurrence of rickets in pups and enhance the body's ability to resist cold. 2.2 Increasing stocking density Winter generally increases by 1/3 to 1/2 than usual, so that each dog covers an area of ​​about 0.6 square meters, so that when the dog sleeps, it is reduced to one, so as to use body temperature to warm each other. Increase accordingly. 2.3 Reduce indoor humidity In winter, due to the cold weather, some dogs do not want to go outside the row to defecate, there is a urine nest phenomenon, so that the humidity within the house increased. Dogs sleep in wet dens, one is easy to get skin disease, and the other is that body heat can cause massive loss. Therefore, the humidity in the house should be reduced as much as possible. During the production, the dog should be regularly driven to go outside for defecation, and the habit of defecation should be established. The kennel must be cleaned and the bedding should be changed frequently to keep the kennel warm and comfortable, clean and dry. 2.4 Keeping the pens clean. In addition to normal cleaning every day to remove excrement and rubbish, dogs must also be trained to defecate at specified places in the stadium to correct abuses everywhere. The house is regularly sterilized, so that pathogenic microorganisms cannot breed. The commonly used disinfectants include 3% to 5% of Suer's solution, 10% to 20% of bleaching emulsion or 0.3% to 0.5% of peracetic acid solution. 2.5 To be quiet and alert Dogs are sensitive to hearing, and when they are disturbed and disturbed, they have to make a fuss, especially in pregnancy, childbirth, breast-feeding and breeding. They should try to prevent livestock, vehicles and strangers from entering the area. 2.6 Timely vaccinations The most common diseases that are most harmful to meat dogs in winter are canine deterrence fever and parvovirus enteritis infections. Therefore, it is necessary to vaccinate dogs with fever in a timely manner. For puppies less than 60 days inoculation 3 times, more than 30 days (Include adult dogs) Inoculation twice. Each interval is 15 to 20 days, and the last injection interval should be 30 days apart. Dog fever vaccine and enteritis vaccine are injected once every six months. 2.7 Insect repellent and regular insecticide prevention is usually conducted once every 2 months. The puppies are dewormed for the first time around the age of 20 days. The puppies up to the age of 6 months are recommended to deworm once per month. The adult dogs are dewormed every quarter. Times. The dosage may be oral levamisole at 10 mg/kg body weight. After the insects are removed, the excrement is promptly removed and the fermentation process is performed to kill the eggs. Usually pay attention to the prevention of common diseases, garlic powder can be added to the feed at regular intervals, which has a good effect on prevention of common diseases such as enteritis and cold in dogs.
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