Garlic has a bright yellow color, rich fragrance, fresh and delicious, and rich in nutrition. It does not use chemical fertilizers and pesticides in the production process. It is a safe and pollution-free agricultural product. It is favored by consumers and has a huge market potential. The pollution-free cultivation techniques are as follows:
1. Choose the best species
Choose Cangshan white-skin garlic and Yongnian white-skin garlic. These varieties of garlic have large heads and white skins. Generally, each head has 7-10 cloves, and each head weighs about 45 grams. It germinates quickly, with golden leaf tips, good quality and high yield. Garlic yellow is an ideal variety of garlic.
2. Build a warm cellar
Garlic yellow has a short growth period and a wide range of temperature adaptation. It can grow at 12℃～30℃. The production site should choose a plot with a sunny leeward and a high dry terrain to help increase the temperature of the warm cellar and reduce freezing damage. When the outside temperature rises, it can also cool down. The use of soil heating cellar to produce garlic yellow has the advantages of small investment, simple construction, and convenient production and operation. The height of the warm cellar is generally 2 to 2.5 meters, the depth of entry is 1 meter, the height of exposed ground is 1 to 1.5 meters, the cellar is 7 meters long and 7 meters wide. Build a brick wall all around, build a roof frame on it, like a roof, use cement pillars as the main beam, and wooden poles on the cement pillars to make rafters, fasten them firmly with iron wires, and use two rows under the scaffolding (3 in each row) Supported by a concrete column, and then spread corn stalks or grass thatch on the shelf, covering the top with soil, with a thickness of about 40 cm. Leave a ventilation window at each of the four bottom corners, and dig an entrance and exit with a width of 50 cm and a height of about 1.4 meters on one side of the cellar. The entrance and exit should be hung with curtains to prevent wind and light. The cultivation bed soil is preferably loam rich in organic matter, the thickness of the soil layer is 10-12 cm, and the garlic is raked flat.
Third, evenly distribute the garlic seeds
Garlic bulbs have a certain period of dormancy. In order to break dormancy and promote germination, they must be treated before sowing. The method is to peel off the outer skin of the bulb, the base stem and the part or all of the garlic skin to facilitate water absorption and gas exchange. Carry out 0℃～4℃ low temperature treatment before sowing, and the seedlings of the low temperature treated garlic can emerge early. In addition, soak the seeds with clean water for a day and night before sowing to make the garlic seeds fully absorb water and accelerate germination. When planting seeds, try to use the dense planting method, plant the garlic heads close to each other in the cultivation border when planting. Immediately after sowing, cover the soil with a thickness of 3 to 4 cm, and water it once.
Four, border noodle management
Garlic yellow mainly uses the nutrients stored in the bulbs of garlic to transform into fresh and tender leaves for consumption. The key to management is to water in the right amount of time, control the soil moisture, and promote the rapid growth of leaves. The soil is too dry and the leaves grow slowly, which affects the quality and yield of garlic yellow. However, under airtight conditions, such as excessive humidity in the air and soil, the garlic seeds are prone to rot. Therefore, the number of watering should be reduced as much as possible. Generally, after planting, water thoroughly once to maintain a high humidity to ensure that the garlic seeds emerge quickly. In the future, water can be flexibly watered according to the outside temperature, soil humidity, and garlic yellow growth status, and the humidity in the warm cellar should not be too high. In the early stage of growth, the amount of water sprayed should be small, and gradually increase in the later stage. Watering a small amount of water before harvesting can not only ensure the yield and quality of garlic yellow, but also lay the foundation for continued growth after harvest. When the temperature exceeds 20℃ during the day, let the air cool down to prevent the yellow garlic from growing excessively.
Five, timely harvest
The garlic can be harvested when its height reaches 35 to 45 cm. Generally, it takes 25 days from garlic planting to cutting knife, and the second knife can be harvested in about 20 days. When harvesting, cut all the way up, don't uproot it. The harvested yellow garlic is tied into bundles and dried in the sun to turn the garlic leaves from white to golden yellow. In the production process, the sowing date should be flexibly determined according to the harvest period to achieve the best benefits.
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